In assembling the walls of Pumapunku, each stone interlocked with the surrounding stones. Puma punku was a terraced earthen mound originally faced with megalithic blocks, each weighing several tens of tons. After Akapana, which is believed to be "Pumapunku's twin", Pumapunku was the second most important construction in Tiwanaku. In. Today the monumental complex on top of the platform mound lies in ruins. Did Our Ancestors Know How to Open A Portal to Another Dimension? Ponce Sangins, C. and G. M. Terrazas, 1970, Protzen, J.-P., and S.E.. Nair, 2000, "On Reconstructing Tiwanaku Architecture:". Horse riding - Official Andalusia tourism website At Pumapunku several miniature gates which are perfect replicas of once standing full-size gateways were found. These mysteries have arisen ever since the Inca civilization first laid eyes on the ruins of a site that was abandoned centuries before they came across it. [53] The buildings at Chiripa (which are similar to buildings of Pumapunku) were identified as "storage bins" because impressions of baskets and remains of food were found. [12] The precise cuts suggest the possibility of pre-fabrication and mass production, technologies far in advance of the Tiwanakus Inca successors hundreds of years later. Use the same account and membership for TV, desktop, and all mobile devices. Puma Punku is a Pre-Columbian archaeological site in Bolivia that is steeped in wonder and mystery. However, no evidence has thus far supported the poured concrete theory. [2][3][4][5][8], The area within the kilometer separating the Pumapunku and Kalasasaya complexes was surveyed using ground-penetrating radar, magnetometry, induced electrical conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility. Visual History Online-Nachschlagewerk fr die historische Bildforschung: "Palaces and Politics in the Andean Middle Horizon", "The secrets of Tiwanaku, revealed by a drone", Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, "Drugs Found in Hair of Ancient Andean Mummies", "Reckoning with the Popular Uptake of Alien Archaeology", Interactive Archaeological Investigation at Pumapunku Temple, "Skeptoid #202: The Non-Mystery of Puma Punku", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pumapunku&oldid=1152279530, an alignment of plazas and ramps centered on a man-made terraced platform mound with a sunken court and monumental complex on top, sifted and layered soils (mound), andesite (superstructure), sandstone (foundation and internal channels), ternary CuAsNi bronze alloy (cramps), mortar of lime and sand with ground-up malachite (turquoise green plaster floor), clay (red floor), This page was last edited on 29 April 2023, at 07:51. 01 - Traveling throughout Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador, Alicia Read More. By examining the ruins and their relationship to the stars, Some skeptics claim that the alien theory is nonsense, leaving Puma Punku debunked. If anything remembers me of Tiahuanaco it is [] the T-shaped sockets and the regularly coursed masonry of strongly altered andesite. The Mysterious Blocks Of Puma Punku. [54] Vranich notes that generations of amateur, fringe and pseudo-archeologist claimed that the "apparent geometric perfection of Tiwanaku architecture" is a result of extraterrestrial intervention or a lost super civilization instead attributing the ruins to the inhabitants of the Titicaca basin. The Pumapunku complex consists of an unwalled western court, a central unwalled esplanade, a terraced platform mound that is faced with stone, and a walled eastern court. Leonora Enking / FlickrFaces carved by the Tiwanaku at Tiwanaku City, an example of the art the great civilization left behind. The two most revealing As Greek mythology goes, the universe was once a big soup of nothingness. Jean-Pierre Protzen and Stella Nair identified a 1 to 1.5 millimeters thick thin coat of whiteish material covering some of the stones as a possible layer of mortar. Im no scientist, but it seems as if humans should have figured it out a really long time ago. Posnansky, who worked at the site for decades, estimated that Puma Punku was far older than academics surmised. Puma Punku in Bolivia is one of the world's most mysterious ancient sites. The ruins of Pumapunku, where the open courtyard was likely to have stood. What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? The inhabitants of Pumapunku worshiped many gods, most with an agricultural bent, and a creator god who drew the Tiwanaku people from the rocks. It was his image they carved onto the Gateway of the Sun, a massive stone arch thought to have been part of Pumapunku before it was relocated to nearby Kalasasaya. Were theonlyPop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. There are varying reports on the weight of the largest stones ranging from 140 tons to 800 tons, with the larger number often provided by sources leaning towards alternative explanations on how the site was built. The red sandstone and andesite stones were cut in such a precise way that they fit perfectly into and lock with each other without using mortar. Pumapunku, or "Gateway of the Puma," was a temple complex consisting of plazas and ramps placed on a raised platform, Vranich writes in a paper published in the open access journal Heritage. [12][18] The unique copper-arsenic-nickel bronze alloy is also found in metal artifacts within the region between Tiwanaku and San Pedro de Atacama during the late Middle Horizon around 600900. One fact that is undeniable, however, is that the entire region and its people were important in the ancient world of South America. It is known by archeological evidence that civilizations rise and fall for many reasons. The backside of the gateway of the sun has patterns which can be found on the stone slabs and gates of Pumapunku. Pumapunku's core consists of clay, while the fill under parts of its edge consists of river sand and cobbles instead of clay. The lake is the origin point of the great bearded god - Viracocha, who was said to have emerged from the waters on to the Island of the Sun, created a team of stone or mud giants and instructed them to build all the megalithic sites and carve statues of their great god along the Path of Viracocha, that included . + Create your own database. For a time, the stone portraits found at Tiwanaku were believed to depict those first humans. [50][pageneeded], Pumapunku is subject of pseudoscience theories on lost continents and extraterrestrial interventions. The blocks were fit together like a puzzle, forming load-bearing joints. (Adwo /Adobe Stock). Two common proposals involve the use of llama skin ropes, and the use of ramps and inclined planes.[12]. [13] Much of the masonry is characterized by accurately cut rectilinear blocks of such uniformity, they could be interchanged for one another while maintaining a level surface and even joints. 30 facts you didn't know about Puma Punku - The Ancient Code Map Directions Satellite Photo Map Wikipedia Photo: Brattarb, CC BY-SA 3.0. Ignored Archaeological Discovery At Puma Punku That Could Re-Write Precisely cut H-shaped blocks at Puma Punku. There are two additional platforms still underground. Available at: https://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology-latest-historical-news/new-discoveries-tiwanaku-puma-punku-lost-statue-021912, Lamoureux, A. And it would have been filled with people. The name means door of the puma, and as far as archaeologists know, Puma Punku was a thriving, ancient town originating somewhere around 500 and 600 C.E. Ernenweini, E. G., and M. L. Konns, 2007, Williams, P. R., N. C. Couture and D. Blom, 2007. (2018) El misterio de Puma Punku. Amarilo. Then, two things happened: either Chaos or Gaia created the universe as we know it, or Ouranos and Tethys gave birth to the first beings. Support for the argument is found in the step motif carved on the fourth monolith and the T-shape sockets cut into several blocks, both believed to be hallmarks of Tiahuanaco-style architecture. According to the local myths, Puma Punku is related to the gods and the time of the first creation. Archeologists estimate that at its peak between 700 and 1,000 CE, the Tiwanaku site (a cluster of monuments that includes Pumapunku) was occupied by some 400,000 people. , noted that the massive chunks of granite were seemingly scattered around like childrens toy blocks as if a giant cataclysm laid waste to Puma Punku in one fell swoop. [2][3][4], At its peak, Pumapunku is thought to have been "unimaginably wondrous,"[3] adorned with polished metal plaques, brightly colored ceramic and fabric ornamentation, and visited by costumed citizens, elaborately dressed priests, and elites decked in exotic jewelry. Why Did So Many Ancient Egyptian Children Suffer Anemia? It is believed to date to AD 536. Puma Punku Decoded - Ancient Drill Holes From Pumapunku In Bolivia Even the Mayans state the world had been destroyed and rebuilt seven (?) The abrupt end to the last ice age about 10,000 years ago raised sea levels rapidly enough to throw down that civilization, causing a return to primitive ways. Ecolodge Puma Punku is situated nearby to Embarcadero de Pilcu and Pilko Kaina. Tiwanaku is significant in Inca traditions because it is believed to be the site where the world was created. Is it a stretch to suggest that a form of cement could have been formed and finished in the making of these stones? There were almost no markets; goods were distributed by the elites, those who owned the means of production. Some evidence suggests that those who suffered this fate may have been not native Tiwanaku but rather outsiders captured in raids or battles. Ellen Lloyd - AncientPages.com - The mysterious site known as Puma Punku, "The Gateway of the Puma.". Pumapunku or Puma Punku (Aymara and Quechua which literally means 'Gate of the Puma') is a 6th-century T-shaped and strategically aligned man-made terraced platform mound with a sunken court and monumental structure on top that is part of the Pumapunku complex, at the Tiwanaku Site near Tiwanacu, in western Bolivia. Available at: https://skeptoid.com/episodes/4202, Newman, H. (2018) New Discoveries at Tiwanaku & Puma Punku: The Lost Statue of Viracocha and Secret Rooms of Hidden Artifacts. Ancient Origins. I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds, What's your favourite Fairy Tales (and their possible origins), about Fathoming the Ruins of Yanmen Shan Mountain and the Biggest Cut Rocks in the World, about Ancient Egyptian Weapons: The Evolution of Warfare, about The Cataclysm of Ra: Saving Humankind from Hathor Using Beer, about Helicopter Hieroglyphs? But the temple the Tiwanaku knew during the height of their empire would have been magnificent. The mummies of Puma Punku, preserved on one of the Tiwanakus most sacred sites, provide evidence that all members of society from infants to the elderly regularly used psychoactive, hallucinogenic plants.